通過改變路面結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和施工工藝提高瀝青與集料的粘附性水侵害是瀝青路面損壞的主要原因，其作用機(jī)理是:

Improving the adhesion between asphalt and aggregates through changes in pavement structure design and construction techniques. Water damage is the main cause of asphalt pavement damage, and its mechanism of action is:

在水的作用下，濟(jì)南瀝青料逐漸喪失與礦料的粘結(jié)力，從礦料表面脫落，并在車輛的作用下，瀝青面層呈現(xiàn)松散狀態(tài)，形成水損害。水損害產(chǎn)生的原因通常有下列幾種：路面排水系統(tǒng)不健全；路面壓實(shí)度不足；路面離析；半剛性基層反射裂縫造成雨水的滲入；路面結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)不合理等。

Under the action of water, Jinan asphalt gradually loses its bonding force with the mineral material, detaches from the surface of the mineral material, and under the action of vehicles, the asphalt surface layer appears loose, forming water damage. There are usually several reasons for water damage: the road drainage system is not sound; Insufficient compaction of the road surface; Road segregation; Reflection cracks in the semi rigid base layer cause rainwater infiltration; Unreasonable pavement structure design, etc.

從設(shè)計(jì)角度講，主要是設(shè)計(jì)健全的路面排水系統(tǒng)，若采用排水路面則須在瀝青面層的下層用瀝青含量高的瀝青砂做下封層，其厚度應(yīng)不小于2—2.5cm；優(yōu)化路面結(jié)構(gòu)；采用抗裂性好的基層，如水穩(wěn)碎石等；采取措施減小半剛性基層反射裂縫造成的影響；采用SMA等新型防水性好、耐久的路面面層等。

From a design perspective, the main focus is on designing a sound road drainage system. If a drainage road surface is used, a high asphalt content asphalt sand layer must be used as a lower seal layer on the lower layer of the asphalt surface layer, and its thickness should not be less than 2-2.5cm; Optimize the pavement structure; Using a base layer with good crack resistance, such as water stabilized crushed stone; Take measures to reduce the impact of reflective cracks on semi rigid base layers; Adopting new waterproof and durable road surface layers such as SMA.

從施工角度講，主要是優(yōu)化施工工藝，提高瀝青路面施工時(shí)的壓實(shí)度和平整度。

From a construction perspective, the main focus is to optimize the construction process and improve the compaction and smoothness of asphalt pavement construction.

使用化學(xué)抗剝劑提高瀝青與集料的粘附性

Improving the adhesion between asphalt and aggregates using chemical anti stripping agents

隨著表面化學(xué)的發(fā)展，各種表面活性劑的開發(fā)，也已經(jīng)開發(fā)了許多抗剝劑。實(shí)踐證明，在瀝青中添加大量環(huán)烷酸類高分子有機(jī)酸，尤其是添加鈣、鎂、鉛，錳等各種類型 的金屬皂，能夠有效提高瀝青與集料的粘附性。抗剝劑通過親油基與瀝青結(jié)合，親水基與集料結(jié)合，使瀝青與集料的粘附性得以提高，所以對(duì)集料表面帶有負(fù)電荷的應(yīng)采用陽離子型，表面帶有正電荷的應(yīng)采用陰離子型的表面活性劑，才能起到好的效果。由于酸性石料帶有負(fù)電荷，抗剝離劑一般采用陽離子型的表面活性劑，當(dāng)然這就使堿性石料采用抗剝落劑顯得無能為力，而且對(duì)堿性石料也沒有此種必要。

With the development of surface chemistry and the development of various surfactants, many anti stripping agents have also been developed. Practice has proved that the adhesion between asphalt and aggregate can be effectively improved by adding a large amount of naphthenic acid polymer organic acids, especially various types of Metallic soap such as calcium, magnesium, lead and manganese. Anti stripping agents combine with asphalt through hydrophilic groups, while hydrophilic groups combine with aggregates to improve the adhesion between asphalt and aggregates. Therefore, cationic surfactants should be used for aggregates with negative surface charges, while anionic surfactants should be used for aggregates with positive surface charges to achieve good results. Due to the negative charge of acidic stones, cationic surfactants are generally used as anti stripping agents. Of course, this makes it powerless for alkaline stones to use anti stripping agents, and there is no such necessity for alkaline stones.

綜上所述，只要在瀝青路面設(shè)計(jì)和施工時(shí)，采取相應(yīng)的改善措施，對(duì)于提高瀝青與集料的粘附性，防范瀝青路面的水損壞效果還是比較明顯的。

In summary, as long as corresponding improvement measures are taken during the design and construction of asphalt pavement, the effect of improving the adhesion between asphalt and aggregates and preventing water damage to asphalt pavement is still quite obvious.

在施工時(shí)，往往同時(shí)采用兩種或兩種以上的綜合處理方法比單獨(dú)一種效果要比較好。如選擇低標(biāo)號(hào)瀝青或使用改性瀝青，并同時(shí)用石灰水處理粗集料；采用摻加抗剝劑并用水泥替代部分礦粉；用石灰水處理粗集料同時(shí)用水泥替代部分礦粉等。更多相關(guān)事項(xiàng)就來我們網(wǎng)站http://www.todis.com.cn咨詢！

During construction, it is often better to use two or more comprehensive treatment methods simultaneously than a single one. For example, low-grade asphalt or modified asphalt shall be selected and Limewater shall be used to treat the coarse aggregate at the same time; Adopting the addition of anti stripping agents and replacing some mineral powder with cement; Limewater is used to treat coarse aggregate and cement is used to replace part of mineral powder. For more related matters, come to our website http://www.todis.com.cn consulting service